Pre-menstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a condition characterised by a variety of symptoms which occur up to 14 days before the menstrual period and cease with or shortly after the arrival of a period. PMS affects some 74% of all women.

What are the Symptoms?
Dr. Guy Abraham, former professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of California in Los Angeles, divided the symptoms into four categories:

Pre-menstrual Anxiety (A): This is characterised by elevated blood oestrogen and low progesterone. 75% are said to fall into this group. Symptoms include: Anxiety, irritability, insomnia, depression (just before menses).

Pre-menstrual Hyperhydration (H): Associated with salt retention and possible elevated aldosterone (an adrenal hormone that affects fluid retention). 65–75% are said to fall into this group. Symptoms include: weight gain above 1.4 kg, breast congestion, abdominal bloating, swelling of face and extremities. >>>

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